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The saying “Zi is afraid of Kuang”
Author: Chen Jiaxu
Source: Author’s manuscript
There are two notes about “Zi is afraid of Kuang”, which are the same:
9.5 The son is afraid of Kuang and said, “Since King Wen is not there, isn’t literature in the sky? The heaven will be elegant, and those who die later cannot be as elegant as Wen. href=”https://sites.google.com/view/sugarpapa”>Baoqing.com; The sky is not as elegant as the gentleman, how can the people of Kuang be like? “(Zihan)
11.23 The son is afraid of Kuang and is in a clean way. Confucius said, “I regard my daughter as a death.”
said, “I am here, how dare I die?” (“Advanced”)
Confucius was mistakenly regarded as a yang tiger by the locals in Kuang. The locals surrounded him. I understand this work better, but the hard work lies in why do people who edit “Speech” use the word “fear”? The literals are also very clear. When converted into verbal words, it means “Confucius is afraid of the earth”, but this explanation is a bit embarrassing. As a saint, is Confucius still afraid of danger? This seems to have an abstraction of him.
Then study it carefully under the word “就”, or maybe it shouldn’t mean fear. To explain the two words of “Zi Han” in “Theory”, it is important to refer to the text of the first “Zi Han” section. The “Collection of Discussions” is fair and comprehensive to the annotations of writers. This article regards this as an important historical reference. The relevant examination certificates of Yu Yue’s “Quanju Pingshu” he used, and the later explanations, let us take a look first:
“Xunzi·Zheng Pian”: “When Bi Gan met Chen, Confucius was imprisoned.” “Historical Records·College of Confucius” also says: “The Kuang people stopped Confucius and detained for five days.” However, those who fear Kuang were detained for Kuang. “Traditional Notes: Tan Gong Chapter”: “Three people who die but do not live: fear, slaughter, and slaughter.” Zheng’s notes are evidence of Confucius’ fear of Kuang. “Tongdian” quotes Wang Xu’s notes: “The criminal gang is afraid of death.” This is the name of fear of being imprisoned. Later generations did not meet the ancient meaning, and they all fell off the clans. (Cheng Shude: “Collection of Speeches” (II), China Bookstore, 1990, page 577, the mark has minor changes.)
This explanation of “fear” is a prisoner, but it is not sufficient. First, the texts of Xunzi and Historical Records are used to prove that “fear” means “detention”, which is suspected of being accompanied, because “Xunzi” and “History Records” say “things”, and the word “detention” can express the facts clearly, while “Theory” uses “things” to express “reason”. It is not enough to understand the facts alone. The key is to be able to convey more information about the teachings of the Master (it is very similar to “age”), and the goal of placing the same. Secondly, whether it is Zheng’s note or Wang’s note, the focus of “fear” is on death, rather than prisoners. ZhengXuan’s note on “Talk Notes”, invoking “Zi Zi is afraid of Kuang” to show that “Fear” is the situation where “Fear” is a crime that others have been charged with. The family is not guilty of being wronged and died unjustly (“A person may attack himself for not being guilty, and he cannot say it, and those who die. Confucius is afraid of Kuang.” Volume 2 of “Talk Notes” published in “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes” Volume 2, Page 20, Bao QingjiaoThree Books”, published in “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on “Talk Notes on Zheng Xuan’s annotation may not be appropriate, so why is it more complicated to understand the meaning? Again, the original meaning of fear is fear. The oracle bone script is an abstraction of a ghost scepter. It is too incredible to say that it was banned by others and even wronged.
There is also a representative view of the history, which is “caution”. Zhu Xi’s “Collected Notes” says: “Those who fear are the saying of being wary.” (“Collected Words” (II), page 578) Cui Shu’s “Zhu Si Kaoxin Record” says: “This must be Confucius who hears that people will kill themselves and be wary, or they will change their way, or they will change their clothes and go, and they will avoid difficulties in their guards, so they will be separated from the purity, so they will not be bound by the guards, but are afraid of the guards. If they are already surrounded, their survival will be bound by the dead. In his hand, he said, ‘What is it like?’, isn’t the sage’s words close to the circumcision?” (“Collected Words” (II), page 576) This explanation seems reasonable at first glance, but it is actually not, because that era was a world of chaos, and being wary outside was always a constant state. Mencius was in Xue, “be wary”, and others gave him money and for the purpose of buying weapons, he accepted it. If we have to call the most difficult guardianship “guardian”, then “Theory” is directly written as “Son of the Son”, which is more appropriate than the abstraction of the sage?
The “Ancient Notes Before the Tang Dynasty” in “The Collection of Comments” also has a fair explanation, which is to explain the fear of fear, but it gives a seemingly comprehensive source:
The Emperor’s “Commentary” quotes Sun Jing: “The words of fear of the Kuang are all the words of the people, not the name of the people. The principle of the book is a silence. If a person knows how many things are, and the original is determined to be safe, even if the army is bounded by a hundred and ten thousand, nine out of ten are stable, how can he be afraid? Although military affairs are hindered, and the common sense is feared by the sages, so he is afraid of things as fear. (“Collected Words” (II), page 578)
This explanation begins with the beginning of After the cultivation of a sage, one cannot be afraid. Then, the principles of “the sage has no normal mind and takes the heart as the heart” and “what people are afraid of others” (“Merit Book”) are used as a warning to show that the masters were afraid at that time, so Confucius followed the “expression”. This explanation also seems fair at first glance, but in fact, it is not true. . Did Confucius be afraid? “The sage has no mind, so he regards fear of things as fear.” Rather than saying that it is an explanation, it is more difficult for people to understand, and the classical mysticism. Even if you understand it according to this mystical logic, then Confucius said that he was still “not afraid”, so why should he be determined to say “fear in the sacred world”? Even if you don’t consider it”Inside, according to the literal logic of “the sage has no mind, so it is fear of things as fear”, then Confucius construction marketThe “fear” in normal times is also sure that the long and shortage are often too long. Why should this be done in the land?
The author believes that if he explains “fear” into fear, he does not have Support a single time problem. Explanation of history does not dare to say it is fear, or maybe even if it is explained, it is necessary to add a condition to say that the sage is indifferent, but it is actually not necessary.
What are the key questions?
If you are afraid of death, or say with great pride, you are afraid that the people around you will die by themselves, then there is something in Confucius who can’t say about the past because he is a faithful person. href=”https://sites.google.com/view/sugargirl-story-share”>Baobao.com is more people who know the truth about survival and destiny, but they are not so afraid of death, and they are still recorded in “The Book of Songs” to convey the eternal situation. “The Book of Songs” carefully si TC:
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